Leadership Through Tough Financial Times Article Review

The effects of the tough economic times are still visible with us after the cost of food and gas went up drastically, there was huge consumer debt as well as an unstable stock market and a housing market in crisis. This has led to financial and job insecurity. Many employees are stressed with future uncertainties that would lead to poor performance, absenteeism at work and generally, demoralized personnel. This is bad news to the company as labor is one of the very important inputs of production. Therefore, as a leader, one must be able to motivate his or her workers. The leader must also make vital business strategies. The leader must build the relationship with the employees and therefore create a team in which he or she is the captain. As a leader, one must exclusively know oneself, so as to realize ones abilities and talents so that he/she is ready to take up an extra project. When the leader manages himself/herself, the team is able to learn from him/her. The leader must also be able to communicate with his/her team. Communication enhances the bonding of the team. Regular talks on policy changes or staff cutbacks are important in hard economic times. It is important to note that secrecy will not help but an open talk is of essence. It is also important to let the employees air their reactions and possibly give ideas which may be of help to the company. The employees should occasionally hold sessions on topics such as stress management, motivation, team building, time management and other topics which may be important in the tough economic times. Regular rewards to exemplary performance are important to motivate the employees. The leader should plan with supervisors so as to put them in better position to lead and handle difficult situations. The leader should also make business strategies such as accountability to the budget. This will eliminate chances of misuse of money and may lower costs. The leader should also design a marketing plan with key issues being, effectiveness, affordability and efficiency. The leader should also upgrade the customer care. Customer satisfaction is important and requires planning and training of the relevant personnel. This may entail after-sales services, communication with customers and create positive first impressions. One cannot predict the end of a difficult financial time and so, it is important that as a leader to show the skills, build the team, and create strategies that will see a workplace at ease and focused. This article key on emphasizing on the basic issues that make a lot of impact in the workplace. With poor customer care and demoralized worker, most companies are liable to poor sales and dissatisfied customers leading to most of the companies lose their loyalty to the customers. REFERENCE Collins. J (2009), Leadership through Difficult Times.

Old But Must Not Be Neglected - 1101 Words

Old But Must Not Be Neglected The frail, tiny elder was discovered shivering and with sodden clothes in the impoverished Suizhong County, China. When the volunteers from the aid station found her, she hadn’t eaten for days, and lived in the corner of the street. She was ill, hungry and disheartened after her adult children refused to take care of her vulnerable mother. Mrs. Han lived her lives in blessed calmness with her family including her husband, two sons, three daughters and eight grandchildren before her spouse passed away three years ago. She assigned her possessions to both sons including two houses, but she left nothing to her three daughters because that’s what she had. Mrs. Han intended to alternate her living places between†¦show more content†¦It is a worldwide problem. Elder abuse is happening everywhere now, in your state, your city, even on your street. Population ageing is an inevitable phenomenon due to the rising life expectancy and declining birth rates in Canada. Unfortunately, the overall rate of police-reported violence against elderly had increased by twenty per cent from 1998 to 2005 according to Statistics Canada. In addition, adult children were the largest perpetrators of elder abuse including, Neglect and Physical, Emotional, Financial and Sexual Abuse. Although it is a serious uprising social problem in Canada, elder abuse is always concealed from the community and ignored by the societies. Until us as a society raises social awareness of elder abuse and work together to prevent this problem, elder abuse will continue unabated, with destructive and damaging consequences for seniors. Elder abuse tends to be committed privately in the seniors’ home, mainly by their family members but victims are often reluctant to inform their abuse because of the dread of losing their only financial or other supports and fear of being institutionalized. Mr. Chan, a social worker who had experience in assisting elder abuse victims to recover in Hong Kong, said â€Å"Money and avarice are the major reasons why the adult children

The Auditory Canal Essay Sample free essay sample

4. Analyze the effects to sound perceptual experience if the tympanic membrane increased twofold in surface country. What would go on if the ellipse window had increased surface country? Would sounds be perceived if the unit of ammunition window became stiff? The tympanic membrane is besides known as the tympanum. If the tympanic membrane increased two times. so it would be able to have more quivers therefore increasing the sound force per unit area. This sends stronger quivers all throughout the in-between ear and so the interior ear. Therefore sound perceptual experience would be amplified. If the ellipse window had an increased surface country. so the sound moving ridges would go through straight into the in-between air. therefore the sound force per unit area which causes the tympanic membrane to vibrate would be reduced. Therefore it would cut down sound perceptual experience. Basically. sound is created when quivers in the air or sound moving ridges in the air causes the tympanic membrane in the air to travel back and Forth. We will write a custom essay sample on The Auditory Canal Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Therefore if the ellipse window becomes stiff. it would no longer be flexible adequate to travel back and Forth when it is impacted by the sound moving ridges. When this happens the bonelets can non be moved and no sound can be perceived. 5. How successful are cochlear implants? What surgical techniques are employed? A cochlear implant is a surgically implanted device which helps to short-circuit jobs of the interior ear and the cochlea. Almost everyone who had received cochlear implants is able to hear some sum of sound. Children who have received the implants are able to hear normal address degrees at 30 or 40 dBs harmonizing to a research done by Dr. Bruce Gantz of the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics. It is more successful among persons with complete hearing loss and has non benefitted signifier hearing AIDSs. Cochlear implants beltway damaged hair cells and change over sounds into electrical signals and direct these signals to the hearing nervus. The internal constituent of the device is surgically implanted under the tegument behind the ear and connected to electrodes that are inserted inside the cochlea. The external constituent which is normally worn behind the air. consist of a sound processor. mike and a battery constituent. The mike captures sound. leting the address processor to interpret it into typical electrical signals.

Public Awareness of Climate Changes and Carbon Footprints

This research explores the subject of public awareness of the issues of climate changes. In particular, the research focuses on the issues of the impact that global warming and big concentration of carbon have on human health and what possible decisions of these problems are. The research also considers questions of the importance of media and public interaction to address global climate change.Advertising We will write a custom annotated bibliography sample on Public Awareness of Climate Changes and Carbon Footprints specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This research can argue that â€Å"lexical creativity and lexical framing† (Nerlich and Koteyko 206) can influence greatly on the propagation of terms related to environmental issues and explanation of them. For example, it can promote public interaction and â€Å"conduct public discourses on global climate change† (Inglis 500) and raise peoples’ interests to such issues as the influence of a greenhouse effect and carbon in the air on human health. This study aims at drawing attention to the importance of media in evolving questions of global warming and its consequences (greenhouse effect). A sustainable work should be led to â€Å"put the issue of carbon mitigation into the public spotlight† (Nerlich and Koteyko 208). Certain steps had already been done in this direction as â€Å"most scientists now accept that climate change is a reality† (Brook 253). However, this questions still deserves great attention because according to the work by Gautier, Deutsch and Rebich, a majority of people, students in particular, have some â€Å"misconceptions about climate† (387). Consequently, there is a â€Å"knowledge gap† as, â€Å"public health officials are aware of the growing human risk associated with climate change† (Akerlof et. al. 2561). Thus, media should pay bigger attention to inform and explain issues rela ted to global climate change. One more important solution to the problem of peoples’ awareness of the global issues and comprehensive social changes is a â€Å"public interaction† (Inglis 501). Having analyzed the works mentioned above, we can come up to a conclusion that: one of the reasons of global warming is a big concentration of carbon in the air. As a result, we can observe a greenhouse effect that has a negative influence on peoples’ health. A major task of media and scientists is to join their forces and promote people’s awareness of these issues through different sources of information and public interaction. It can elevate peoples’ consciousness and encourage finding common solutions to the problems. Some steps have been taken to solve the problem. First, many the subjects concerning global climate change have been introduced to the curriculum of many educational establishments to raise students’ awareness of the climate change.Ad vertising Looking for annotated bibliography on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Second, the Kyoto Protocol that aims at preventing climate changes was signed. Third, the production of newsletters concerning a greenhouse effect sent to e-mails was developed. Finally, media was involved in the process of fighting against global warming while producing specialized articles and educational TV programs. Our research reveals the problem of public awareness of the influence of global climate change and its effect on human health. Thus, further work in this direction presupposes creating specialized classes and student conferences that would promote peoples’ interaction discussing problems of climate change. The production of more articles in scientific and non-scientific journals that would explain the issues in an appropriate language can also bring positive results and attract peoples’ attention to the problem. Works Cited Akerlof, Karen et. al. â€Å"Public Perceptions of Climate Change as a Human Health Risk: Surveys of the United States, Canada and Malta.† International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 7 (2010): 2559-2606. Web. Brook, Ryan K. â€Å"Ignoring the Elephant in the Room: The Carbon Footprint of Climate Change Research.† InfoNorth. 62. 1 (2009): 253–255. Gautier, Catherine, Katie Deutsch and Stacy Rebich. â€Å"Misconceptions About the Greenhouse Effect.† Journal of Geoscience Education. 54. 3 (2006): 386. Inglis, Jan. â€Å"Evolving to Address Global Climate Change and the Scale of Public Interactions.† World Futures 64.5-7 (2008): 498-502. Web. Nerlich, Brigitte and Koteyko, Nelya. â€Å"Carbon Reduction Activism in the UK: Lexical Creativity and Lexical Framing in the Context of Climate Change.† Environmental Communication. A Journal of Nature and Culture. 3: 2. (2009): 206 — 223.Advertis ing We will write a custom annotated bibliography sample on Public Awareness of Climate Changes and Carbon Footprints specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Working Bibliography Akerlof, Karen et. al. â€Å"Public Perceptions of Climate Change as a Human Health Risk: Surveys of the United States, Canada and Malta.† International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 7 (2010): 2559-2606. Web. Akerlof and others discusses the problem of influence of the global environmental changes on peoples’ health. Several surveys were conducted in the United States, Malta and Canada order to define how people perceive the global climate changes. It was defined that concerns about the climate changes grow. Moreover, people thing that the main reason of the majority of diseases related to heart, respiratory problems, cancer and infectious diseases is a global warming. During the research, it was discovered that global warmi ng influences greatly on elderly people and children. People in America sure that environmental changes are more dangerous in developing countries. The authors offer to mount public health communication initiative and inform people about consequences of diseases related to climate change. Brook, Ryan K. â€Å"Ignoring the Elephant in the Room: The Carbon Footprint of Climate Change Research.† InfoNorth. 62. 1 (2009): 253–255. The author of the article attracts attention to the question that global climate changes are the results of the human activity. He present the results of a Global Pole that only 41 % of people believe that global warming is the result of human activity and carbon emission. The author provides the opinion that people are aware of a danger of carbon emission, but nobody still does anything and that data gathering can have significant positive impact and solve the problem. Thus, Ryan Brook suggests making first steps to reduce the carbon omission. Fo r this purpose, he offers calculating individual research footprints and do something about it. He assumes that only uniting their forces, people can do significant contribution to reducing the carbon emission. Finally, Brook provides the idea that scientists who preoccupied with the global climate changes should share their knowledge and data about carbon emission and how to reduce it providing leadership on issues of tourism and business actions. Gautier, Catherine, Katie Deutsch and Stacy Rebich. â€Å"Misconceptions About the Greenhouse Effect.† Journal of Geoscience Education. 54. 3 (2006): 386.Advertising Looking for annotated bibliography on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Catherine Gautier, Katie Deutsch and Stacy Rebich in their article present the research directed on defining the misconceptions about climate changes among students. Students were suggested to pass several tests in order to define the level of understanding of such issues as global warming and greenhouse effect The study was conducted in mock summit class on global changes. Having analyzed the results, the scientists understood what methods should be used to overcome misconceptions. The study showed that the majority of misconceptions were maintained through the class and many students had built their own mental models about the greenhouse effect. The authors emphasize that as future citizens of the world, student should be well aware of greenhouse effect and lead a research work in order to prevent its destructive influence on environment. The authors suggest a â€Å"potential role of students in decision making related to global climate change†. Moreover, the task of such s tudents will be to prevent further misconceptions in environmental science. The authors also suggest basic information that students should know. This information is about the gases that constitute greenhouse effect, their qualities (how gas absorb and reemit radiation), etc. This annotated bibliography on Public Awareness of Climate Changes and Carbon Footprints was written and submitted by user Howard Saint to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Eps

Eps Education" ¦although we are faced with this word on a day to day basis, the actual meaning behind it may come as a personal interpretation rather than a set definition. Education to me is the expansion of ones knowledge and the learning of the basic day-to-day skills necessary for ones survival and the further development to possessing the key steps to later attaining a success life. In this definition, my personal interpretation of the word, the important aspects of education are held more within the actual "learning"  of skills and the "preparation"  for a life to come in a general way. I feel that rather than trying to teach people to be governors or teachers or politicians, we need to concentrate more on a practical level of teaching that gives everyone the necessary basic skill levels to succeed in life and set them up to then be prepared to choose what it is that they want to be.Education vs Experience

Improving yourself without climbing the corporate ladder

Improving yourself without climbing the corporate ladder Many of us who enter the workforce come strapped with a host of preconceived notions about how our career journeys will ultimately pan out- the steps we’ll take as we climb the ladder to success, the positions we’ll hold, the salaries and benefits we’ll acquire along the way, and the timelines for making it all happen. Sure, we can spend all our time planning every step of our careers- from our first jobs until the day we retire- but the truth is, it’s almost impossible to predict precisely how it’ll all go. After all, a fair amount of variables that are often out of our direct control, like luck and being at the right place at the right time, factor into the professional mix along with our skill, effort, and good intentions. That said, you don’t need to climb the corporate ladder to grow and evolve. There are ways to make improvements and achieve success that doesn’t involve reaching the next rung. Also, freeing yourself from the cons tant stress and anxiety of having to hit some arbitrary career milestone may be one of the best things you do for yourself. Whether you’re at a career inflection point or want to explore new ways to effect positive professional change that doesn’t include chasing a promotion, keep reading and consider the following strategies for self-improvement.Learn a new skillThese days, too many of us are blindly focused on racing up the corporate ladder and avoid or overlook making the most of opportunities available at our current positions. However, if we slow down and take stock of where we’re currently at in our career trajectories, chances are we’ll see that there are a collection of new skills we can focus on acquiring at our current levels- which will not only benefit us now, but will also likely set us up for greater success in the long term.Consider stepping out of your comfort zone and trying something new at work, or maybe even taking a class or pursuing advanced certification. What’s better, many companies are aware of the benefits of having a highly-trained staff and are willing and eager to provide and fund training opportunities for employers. It’s a total win-win situation for all!Explore your industryAre you up on all the latest and greatest developments in your industry? Or are you so focused on climbing the corporate ladder that you’re allowing yourself to fall behind when it comes to current events? Instead of constantly looking upward at your career growth, consider spending some time looking all around you and getting reacquainted with industry news and trends. This can include attending industry events and joining online groups devoted to your specific field. Not only can you come away with a whole host of knowledge and new contacts, it also might help guide and refocus the direction your career takes.Spark positive change at your companyIf all of your focus is on yourself and your career path, you m ay be missing out on opportunities to help improve things at your company. Instead of thinking solely about the next step on the ladder to success, spend some time thinking about workflow and processes in your team, department, and company. How can you share and implement ideas that can help enhance productivity and efficiency? Not only can this help your company, it can also help improve your work life, impress the higher-ups, and lead to bigger and better things in your professional future.When it comes to your career, ambition can absolutely be a good thing- but focusing all of your time and energy on climbing the corporate ladder isn’t the only way to improve yourself. Consider the strategies and advice presented here to effect positive and lasting change in new and meaningful ways.

An examination of the role of inter-professional practice in Essay

An examination of the role of inter-professional practice in contemporary social work - Essay Example al., 2011). An effectual inter-professional collaborative practice in healthcare system in social work generally takes place when health workers, belonging to diverse professional backgrounds, work collaboratively with the families, patients as well as the communities for the purpose of offering superior quality care to the patients (Collin & et. al., n.d.). There are certain imperative facets of an effective inter-professional collaboration or collaborative practice that include open communication, equality of available resources and the subsistence of autonomy where a poor form of inter-professional collaborative practice can impose adverse impacts upon the quality of care rendered to the patients through social work (Royal College of Nursing, 2007). One of the important skills required in inter-professional collaborative practice to enhance the quality care for the patients is Inter-Professional Education (IPE). IPE is typically described as the students or the members engaged with several professions, either linked with social or healthcare backgrounds. This particular inter-professional collaborative practice facilitates effectual collaboration among the health workers and enhances health outcomes through their shared information or skills (AAMC, 2011). It has been apparently observed in this context that IPE offers a capability to share effective skills as well as dynamic knowledge between different professionals and facilitates better understanding regarding shared values. It also enhances respect amid different professionals’ in terms of responsibilities associated with healthcare (Bridges & et. al., 2011). An effective inter-professional collaborative practice is typically regarded as one of the indispensable const ituents of a better social work practice. In this context, it can be stated that the social or healthcare workers should remain much confident in

Audit Evidence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Audit Evidence - Essay Example These are all physical items owned by a business; these may include Land, motor, buildings and other freehold property. Besides these physical assets there is also another class of assets referred to as intangible assets, this class contains such items as patents, copyrights and good will. What the auditor does in looking for audit evidence is that he checks these particular items individually for things like physical location for those it can be verified. Items which may require verification are buildings and freehold property. The auditor also considers amortizations for intangible assets such as goodwill and patents. The other class of assets is the Current assets that include fast moving goods of the business and other short term items of the business among these are the inventory, account receivables, and liquid money that is held by the business. It should however be noted that all the items may not involve the same methods of gathering the evidence as some tend to offer a complicated documentation process while others have a simpler system thus for the auditor to decide what method to use he has to consider each of these items and determine which of the items requires what method. In the following discussion I wish to determine what method to use in each of the selected items in the current assets namely inventory and account receivables. Under the examination method different modes are used by the auditor depending on the item involved. (Elder, Bisley and Arens 2008) Inventories These require physical counts by the auditor to verify the amounts indicated in the records, this verification may involve several methods - The client does the counting and the auditor simply observes and does test counting for some of the items. -The auditor does literal counting for all inventories Other procedures touching on inventory involve examination of purchase invoices and sales reports for a given period. Also determining whether the inventory is pledged or is subject to liens. Accounts receivables These all debts owned to the business what the auditor needs to check when it comes to these is whether some are overdue and also check on the ones that may look very s8uspicious.These may include recurrent accounts with very huge balances etc Checking of these accounts mainly provide evidence on rights and obligations. Advantage of this method of evidence gathering The auditor gets first hand information, this

Employer rights and responsibilities workbook Essay Example for Free

Employer rights and responsibilities workbook Essay 1.1 Equal opportunity: Equal and fair treatment, ensuring that people have equal access to opportunities and that the diversity of the work forces in value. * Equal Pay Act 1970 and its implementation Act 1975: to insure that men and woman would receive the same pay and conditions. * Sex Discrimination Act 1995 and Regulation 2003: to insure that men and woman are treated equally and fairly at workplace. * Disability Discrimination Act 1975: to deal with discrimination against an employee or potential employee because of their disability. 1.2 Employment protection: Outlines the duties, rights and responsibilities of employers and employees. * Employment Act 2002: to give additional rights to the employment. * Employment Rights Act 1996: Where employees are entitled to maternity and paternity leave and termination of employees. * Employment Relations Act 2004: to deal with employee relations and the operation of the statutory recognition for trade unions. 1.3 Health and Safety: Laws that keeps everyone safe and reduce hazard and manage skills, at work. * Health and Safety at work Act 1974: to raise the standard of health and safety for all individuals at work and to ensure the environment is safe and non hazardous to the health of employees. The employer and employee have common responsibility for health and safety. Read more:Â  Statutory Responsibilities and Rights of Employees and Employers Essay Task 2. * Job contract. * HR Department. * Policy and Procedures. * Team leader, NW manager, etc. * Job description (terms and conditions). * Citizen Advisory Bureau. * Unison. * Solicitor. * Employment Tribunal. * Advice agencies. Task 3. * Grievance procedure: Any grievance to the terms and conditions of employment should be discussed with manager. If the matter is not solved then it should be pursued with the grievance policy. * Disciplinary matters: The Trust has a Disciplinary procedure policy in the HR Department and also at the work place. Any breach of the Disciplinary rules will lead to disciplinary action, including dismissal. If the employee is dissatisfied with the formal disciplinary action then the employee has the right to appeal within 21 days of written confirmation of the disciplinary action taken. The aim of the Disciplinary Procedure for all staff of the trust is to ensure uniformity of treatment between one individual and another and between one group of staff and another. To ensure justice for individual employees, to provide protection to the efficiency and smooth running of the trust, work place, etc. This procedure applies to all the staff employed by the trust. * Rehabilitation of offenders Act: The employee is required to disclose to the trust of any caution, conviction, bind-over’s, motoring convictions or police proceedin gs. The employee is also required to apply for CRB. * Confidentiality: An employee has a duty of confidence to patients and a duty to maintain professional ethical standards of confidentiality. Under the Data Protection Act 1998 anyone working with personal information in any form must ensure it remains confidential and that only people who need the information have access to it and that only minimum information necessary is processed. Task 4. Employee number- It is a number assigned to an employee by the employer. Employee name Name of the person who is an employee. Tax code – This is number followed by a letter. It tells the amount of tax to the employer to be deducted from employee. This is based on information given by HMRC. National Insurance Number – It is a personal and unique number of an employee, who keeps it throughout his/her life during/ when applying for employment. Net pay year to date This section shows how much have been paid in the financial year. It shows how much National Insurance and tax have been made. Pay before deductions (gross pay) – The amount of employees wages before deduction of tax, pension and national insurance. The deductions made for income tax – This is a tax on each individuals income paid to the national government to spend on other services such as NHS, Defense, social security and public services. The deductions for a pension – A deduction from the employee wages for his/her retirement and to increase the income for pensioner. The amount you actually receive (after deductions) – It is the totally amount (net) of money the employee will take home after all the deductions have been made. Task 5. Grievance policy: Grievance is a dispute between employer and employee. It is basically any disagreement between them. Regarding to the grievance policy at work: * Employers should have their grievance procedure in writing and make sure that all staff are aware of any policy or procedure. * At early stage, the grievance has to be given a chance to be dealt informally with the immediate line manager. Pursuing the formal routine should be a last resort rather than the first option. * Employees should let the employer know the nature of the grievance and issue on time. * Employers are responsible to arrange any formal meeting without unreasonable delay to investigate and to establish the facts of the case. * Employers should allow the employee to be accompanied at any formal meeting and should permit the employee the right to appeal against any formal decision made. Task 6. Personal information kept by my employer about myself is: Name, Date of birth, bank details, NIC umber, address, telephone number, next of kin, tax code, education and qualification, training and courses attended, CRB check, personal health or any health conditions. Employers need to keep some personal information about their employees, as required by law and some for employer’s purpose, as well as in line with Data Protection Act 2003. Under the Data Act 1998, employees are entitled to have access to their own personal information, in order to verify or correct any inaccuracy. Stored – ESR, Electronic records. Access Network Manager, Manager, HR Department. Task 7. My Role, Responsibilities and job description: I carry out my role and duties with full responsibility that are agreed in my job description in line with the Policy Procedure of the organization, as well as Health and safety. My role, responsibilities and job description include: * Being a Key worker, I need to support Service users to convene, set dates and invite identified individuals to their PCP at least once every 4months. * Support service users to access activities of their choice within and around the local community. * Support service users who wish to go on holiday, to plan and access holidays of their choice. * Ensure all the assessments/paperwork for service users are completed. * Ensure any items purchased by service users or on their behalf are recorded on inventories. * Ensure that service user’s health records are up dated and reflect their current health and outcome of appointment attended. * Attend training courses/meetings to update/maintain knowledge and skills to carry out Support Worker/ key worker role effectively. * Where required work with professionals, in order to dev elop and set up appropriate guidelines for service users. * Support service users to attend health appointments and if possible a Key worker should attend the appoint ment to make sure there is continuity. * Ensure to bring to attention of the Team leader/Network manager of issues related to Service users which affect their health or prevent them from achieving goal/action. General Responsibilities: * To support all service users at home with their daily routine eg personal care, dressing, meals, etc. * To support service users to be as independent as possible by promoting independence in all aspects of their lives. * To offer choice in all aspects of daily living. * To provide a clean and pleasant home environment, in both private area and communal areas. * To provide support to service users to attend their activities and appointments e.g. shopping, family visits, disco, etc. * To administer medication and maintain accurate record of Marr Sheet, financial transactions and record any accidents or incidents which may occur. My role affects the running of the setting by carrying out my duties responsibilities as team member and by working in the best interests of the service users, as I am providing emotional, moral and practical support according to their needs. Task 8. Other health professionals are: * GP/Doctor. * Nurse/ District nurse. * Physiotherapist. * Dentist. * Reflexologist. * Psychologist. * Psychiatrist * Speech and Language therapist. * Care manager. * Social services. * Chiropodist/ podiatrist. * Epilepsy Dr/Nurse. * Opticians. My role is to assist these Health Professionals to carry out their duty/job according to their profession in order to improve the health of service users. These health professionals may provide: * Offer advice, information, diagnosis or treatment related to the service user. * May prescribe medicine/ drugs or may refer to another professional for further tests/opinions. * Advice support worker/key worker to carry out the treatment at home or use the equipment out home eg Flowtron boots. * Advice support worker to carry out the guidelines and report of any changes which may be harmful for service user or treatment not improving the health of the service user. It is my responsibility to work alongside the health professionals to ensure the well being of the service users and to provide them the services they need to be in good health. Task 9. * Team leader. * Network manager. * Operational manager. * Social worker. * Physiotherapist. * Podiatrist. * Nursing e.g. children, adults, mental health. * Reflexologist. * Occupational therapist. * Health care jobs: Ambulance Care assistant. * Speech and language therapist. Task 10. My own professional development plans: Short term: I would like to complete NVQ3. Medium term: To update my mandatory and other trainings according to my employer. Look for any other new things going on in my work sector. Long term: look and find a Diploma/degree which is interesting to me. Then according my knowledge and skills, I would like to apply for that Diploma/degree course in a college or university, where available. Task 11. Issue: Cost cutting. Key points in favor: To save money for the future. Key points against: Lack of resources. Providing poor health care. Low morale among staff. Issue: Privatization of NHS. Key points in favor: To build a better health care sector. To provide better quality of care. Key points against: Good quality of care will be provided to a person who can afford it but not everyone. Employers may not like the strict terms and conditions of the job. Old and vulnerable people may not receive good quality of care as they may not afford it as they are on benefits/pension, etc.

Essay on the Character of Katharina in Taming of the Shrew

The Character of Katharina in The Taming of the Shrew      Ã‚   Michael W. Shurgot has written that The Taming of the Shrew "may never be as intellectually stimulating as reading, say, The Merchant of Venice or Hamlet or The Winter's Tale" and that the characters that seem one-dimensional on the page can only become interesting on the stage (328).   Shurgot would seem to imply that Shakespeare did not fully develop his characters, and that the play is only entertaining after a director has taken creative license with the stage directions.   A close reading of the play itself will show it to be interesting enough indeed, for it reveals clues to the motivation of both Katharina's shrewishness and later submissiveness, and the manner in which her character is to be portrayed and viewed.       Agnes Mure Mackenzie would have audiences believe that "Katharina's revolt is temperamental apparently: at least we are given no reason for it in its beginnings," (24).   Baptista says that his daughters will have "a good bringing up," (1.1.99), implying that he has always tried to raise the girls right.   Katharina, he would have us believe, has turned out shrewish despite his best intentions.   He also says that he intends to school his daughters.   This does not necessarily mean that Katharina is intelligent, but she has probably been encouraged to think.   Like it or not, Baptista has reared an independently thinking female.       An audience might assume that Katharina has always been shrewish; her reputation seems to have already been established, as is evidenced by Hortensio and Gremio's heckling in the first scene (1.1.55-61).   This does not mean she is a shrew by nature, only that she had been exhibiting this behavior f... ...hout his even knowing it.       So we see that Katharina is indeed a very complex and interesting character.   Generations of readers and performers have misunderstood her character, and probably misrepresented her.   Tucking Katharina into the "crazy shrew" package may be very convenient for the director looking for an easy production, but it is probably incorrect.   In fact, no production that produces the play as a straightforward farce does the character of Katharina any justice.    Works Cited MacKenzie, Agnes Mure.   The Women in Shakespeare's Plays.   London: William Heinemann Ltd., 1924. Ring.   "Was shrewish Shakespeare a feminist bard?" from http://web.uvic.ca/ucom/Ring/99feb19/bard.htm Shurgot, Michael W.   "From Fiction to Reality: Character and Stagecraft in The taming of the shrew."   Theatre Journal, October 1981, 327-340.

Beowulf, Faustus and Paradise Lost Essay

In Beowulf, Faustus and Paradise Lost undergo a religious transition, from Paganism to Christianity, Christianity to Reformation and Rebel. These changes aptly reflect the historical shift from a boastful and violent view to a more humble and meritorious perspective. We see a shift in consciousness from the writers point of view, beginning during the Medieval epic poem Beowulf and trace the religious shift in this consciousness between Beowulf and Paradise Lost. It can be seen in these texts, (including Faustus) that although Christianity was very much a powerful model against which society was built in the Middle Ages, it is also contradictory in many ways. William Shakespeare is known for his writings on Denmark for his work in Hamlet and it is seen in Hamlet how pagan believes were rolled together with Christianity. However, Beowulf deals with a more sinister form of the pagan/Christianity shift and that is of occult and demonic existence. The monster called Grendel causes great devastation to the public and inhabitants of Denmark, much to the dismay of King Hrothgar who has continued a long lineage of good and mighty kings. At this stage of literature, there was still a vast amount of emphasis placed on mythology and the belief in demons and monsters. One also has to be aware in this case of the parallels to Christian stories that follow the same lines as Beowulf does. For instance, Beowulf does not come from the same tribe as the king and his tribe are known as Geats. If we look at the subtle nature of this story, we can form a link between David and Goliath or even Saint George and the Dragon. Beowulf lies in wait for the monster to arrive at the court and slays Grendel with his bare hands. The same is true but in varying degrees of the Biblical David and Goliath proverb. St George and the Dragon also has the same connotation in it. Beowulf also struggles with Grendel’s mother who comes to avenge her son’s death. Beowulf slays her too but has to swim to the depths of a lake in order to find her. In this tale there is also a sentimental relationship to the story of King Arthur, a legend that has been intertwined with Christianity over the years. In Arthurian legend, Avalon is situated in the middle of a lake from which a ‘lady’ is reputed to hoist the sword of Excalibur – the sword that rules Camelot. Arthurian legend canonizes the same tale found in Beowulf, only making it appear less savage and pagan. â€Å"A throng of sorrows I have borne from Grendel; but God still works wonder on wonder, the Warden-of-Glory.†(Beowulf, XIV: 920-923). There is clear reference above that God was indeed used and referenced in this poem, but God is also used somewhat as a talisman rather than as an all powerful supernatural being. In the same passage, God is referred to as â€Å"the God of ages† and the â€Å"Mighty Maker† (Beowulf, XIV: 936 & 985). Despite these references to God, there is still a great deal of emphasis placed on the monster who is representative of demonic power. There is a symbolic reference to the mother of Grendel and also to the Queen, whom in Christianity can be seen as Delilah and Mary. Grendel’s mother is the dark side of the female Christian form, the one that is corrupt and subject to failure, while Wealhtheow is the mother figure who bestows upon her minions the strength and capability to fight evil. In typically pagan stories, evil and good are not conceptual, but have to be referred to in terms of something tangible. It is for this reason that the numerous offenses undertaken by Beowulf are always against some horrific being such as a monster or a dragon and are never the inner most battles that are truly fought against evil. In Christianity, evil is possessed by every man and woman and the only way to thwart this inner evil, is to have God on your side. The pagan beliefs and mythology create physical representations of the inner battles that mankind faces. The Tragical History of Dr. Faustus is Christopher Marlowe’s best known work. Unlike Beowulf, Faustus is aware of the dangers of the practice he is getting into because he is forewarned that the occult is not to be trifled with. Dr. Faustus essentially sells his soul to Lucifer in exchange for success as a practitioner of the magical arts. Dr Faustus, despite numerous misgivings at various stages of the pledge, accepts that he has now signed his soul to the devil in a blood pact. Together with Mephastophilis, Lucifer’s own right-hand man, Faustus is richly rewarded and begins a series of assaults on humanity which includes the harassment of the Pope himself. In this play the symbolism of power is a great driving force for man’s downfall. Adam and Eve were instructed not to eat from the tree of knowledge upon which forbidden fruit grew, they ate of the fruit and were afflicted. In this story, Faustus too is warned against delving too deep into the occult, but his quest for knowledge and power is too great. Faustus signs the pact with his own blood which is symbolic of Christ’s blood only that in Faustus’ case the blood threw him into sin, while Christ’s blood cleanses it. There is, in the Quatro of 1616 a dialogue between the Good Angel and the Evil Angel. This is extremely important when considering that there had been a deep conflict between Medieval paganism and Renaissance Christianity.

Outline of Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt

Introduction Throughout history, humans have been migrating in and out and settling in different areas of the region. Migrating and settling causes people to come together and spread their ideas to others which causes civilizations. Each civilization is created to be equal but separate in their own ways. They are all related to each other in different ways. They have shared similar beliefs, experiences and obstacles. They are both unique culturally, politically and socially. * Thesis: Two civilizations which are similar and different individually are Egypt and Mesopotamia.II. Differences * Geographical Differences 1. Egypt developed North and South hugging the banks of the Nile River Valley. * The Nile River systematically floods which flooded the surrounding banks and made the soil exceptionally rich. * Egypt bordered on the side of sea and dessert which was difficult to invade and conquer it. 2. Mesopotamia has the Tigris and Euphrates River, commonly referred to â€Å"Fertile Cre scent. † * Mesopotamia was formed in between these two rivers. * When Mesopotamia has a flood, they are forced to supply their agricultural lands. Mesopotamia land was easily opened for attack. * Writing Differences 1. Egypt created Hieroglyphics which developed from pictographs to advanced letters. 2. Mesopotamia created cuneiforms which are wedged shaped characters * Political Differences 1. Egypt had a Pharaoh which was passed down from father to son that established a long lasting dynasty. * The Pharaoh was viewed as god-liked and has magical powers. 2. Mesopotamia had a king but their king was usually deposed by invading forces due to the area's poor defensive position. Social Differences 1. In Egypt females had more opportunities to rise in life 2. Mesopotamia had different classes of slaves but all were still treated as properties. * Cultural Differences 1. Egypt did not have a law system set at the time 2. Mesopotamia had the Hammurabi Code which were orders given to c haotic places* Egypt had a longer continuous civilization than Mesopotamia III. Similarities * They were both similar by being polytheistic, believing in more than one god * They both later moved to a sort of monarchy Both of their system led to the creation of strict social classes that usually included a class for priests, traders, farmers and laborers. * Egypt and Mesopotamia both created pyramid structures * These two civilizations both first developed advance systems of writing. * Egypt and Mesopotamia created calendars beginning with the sun’s or moon’s cycle * These two civilizations both used their main rivers for trades and access to a major source of freshwater. * They used their river valleys for water for fertile crops and both have floods. Both of these civilization has structures which organizes classes within groups IV. Conclusion * Restate thesis * Till this day, ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia are still known as a huge impact in history. * Brief summary of the important similarities and differences * Why was the history of these two civilizations important? * What were some things that these civilization spread throughout and the result of it? * How are these two civilization related to today? * Analysis of this essay * End with a personal statement

Honda Essay Example

Honda Essay Example Honda Essay Honda Essay Message from the President and CEO Striving to be a company society wants to exist by continuing to create technologies and products with new value please customers, we will endeavor to provide even better products by redoubling our quality assurance activities. Bringing all Hands resources to bear in a global effort to strengthen our business structure Striving to be a leader in environment and safety Were finally beginning to see subtle signs of a recovery in the global economic slowdown that began with the financial crisis in the United States in 2008. Although a lull recovery in our businesses in Japan, Europe, and the United States will take more time, Honda delivered products to more than 24 million customers worldwide through its motorcycle, automobile, and power product businesses in PAYOFF. Im confident that these results are the product of a concerted effort on the part of our associates, suppliers, dealerships, and other partners to supply products and services that will please customers while respecting local culture and customs in accordance with our policy of manufacturing close to the customer, a philosophy Honda has embraced nice its founding. Nowhere is this success more evident than in China, where we sold a record 580,000 automobiles during 2009, and in Thailand, where we are manufacturing the PC scooter, a strategic global model, and expanding our business from Asia to the world. Nonetheless, the business environment in which we operate continues to be a challenging one, and I recognize that it is essential for Honda Group companies worldwide to come together to strengthen our business structure through the targeted application of limited management resources to key segments of our operations. We also face challenges in fulfilling our responsibilities as a manufacturer of mobility solutions. Consistent with our historic commitment to manufacturing high-quality products that will CARS Report 2010 During 2010, we launched the CRY-Z sport-type hybrid, which combines environmental friendliness with driving pleasure, as well as the Nope generator, which runs on ordinary household butane gas canisters. Were planning to including a hybrid model of the Fit hatchback and the EVE-neo electric motorcycle. We also plan to contribute to the resolution of environmental issues from the standpoint f renewable energy utilization by promoting use of residential generation units and thin-film solar panels, which use less energy and generate lower CA emissions during the manufacturing process than conventional silicon-based solar panels. Additionally, the Gawk Plant, which began operations in 2009, is striving to implement environment- and people-friendly operations, particularly through initiatives to reduce energy consumption. The facility has been designed with future generations in mind, for example by minimizing generation f waste products during the plants future demolition, using recyclable building materials, and making use of construction techniques that minimize the structures environmental impact. How do we make products environmentally friendly? How do we make them useful and convenient? How do we make them fun to use? Honda is committed to bringing its full resources to bear on the effort to realize a low-carbon society by developing technologies for reducing CA while sharing Joy and excitement with its many customers and other stakeholders. Honda has led other companies in developing proprietary cosmologies for dealing with safety issues, in keeping with its Safety for Everyone philosophy. Honda strives to pursue safety initiatives by taking advantage of the uniqueness of these technologies. We have sought to live up to the principles of this philosophy by working to communicate the freedom and Joy of mobility to all the people of the world through our motorcycle, automobile, and power product businesses as well as through projects such as ASIMOV, Handset, and new mobility technologies such as Walking Assist. Creating products and technologies that offer new value and exceed the expectations of our customers and stakeholders worldwide, we are striving to be a company that society wants to exist. Honda associates are uniting worldwide, taking on the challenge of fulfilling our responsibility to society. Striving to realize a sustainable society through a Group-wide effort to provide new value The Honda Philosophy, which includes fundamental beliefs in terms of respect for the individual and the Three Joys, forms the basis for all corporate activities and serves as the standard for conduct and decision-making by Takeout Tit President and CEO 6

Difference Between Natural and Artificial Flavors

Difference Between Natural and Artificial Flavors If you read the labels on food, youll see the words natural flavoring or artificial flavoring.. Natural flavoring must be good, while artificial flavoring is bad, right? Not so fast! Lets take a look at what natural and artificial really mean. There are two ways to look at natural and artificial flavors. First, there is the formal definition of an artificial flavoring, as defined by the Code of Federal Regulations: ... a natural flavor is the essential oil, oleoresin, essence or extractive, protein hydrolysate, distillate, or any product of roasting, heating or enzymolysis, which contains the flavoring constituents derived from a spice, fruit or fruit juice, vegetable or vegetable juice, edible yeast, herb, bark, bud, root, leaf or similar plant material, meat, seafood, poultry, eggs, dairy products, or fermentation products thereof, whose significant function in food is flavoring rather than nutritional. Anything else is considered artificial. That covers a lot of ground. In practice, most natural and artificial flavors are exactly the same chemical compounds, differing only by their source. Both natural and artificial chemicals are processed in a lab to ensure purity. Safety of Natural Versus Artificial Flavors Is natural better or safer than artificial? Not necessarily. For example, diacetyl is the chemical in butter that makes it taste buttery. Its added to some microwave popcorn to make it butter-flavored and is listed on the label as an artificial flavoring. Whether the flavor comes from real butter or is made in a lab, when you heat diacetyl in a microwave oven, the volatile chemical enters the air, where you can breathe it into your lungs. Regardless of the source, this can cause health problems. In some cases, natural flavor might be more dangerous than artificial flavoring. For example, natural flavor extracted from almonds can contain toxic cyanide. The artificial flavor has the taste, without the risk of contamination by the undesirable chemical. Can You Taste the Difference? In other cases, you can taste a world of difference between natural and artificial flavors. When a single chemical (artificial flavoring) is used to mimic a whole food, flavor is affected. For example, you can probably taste the difference between blueberry muffins made with real blueberries versus muffins made with artificial blueberry flavor or real strawberry ice cream versus artificially flavored strawberry ice cream. A key molecule might be present, but the true flavor may be more complex. In other cases, the artificial flavor might not capture the essence of the flavor you expect. Grape flavoring is a classic example here. Artificial grape flavor tastes nothing like grapes you eat, but the reason is that that molecule comes from Concord grapes, not table grapes, so its not the taste most people are used to eating. Its worth noting a natural flavor must be labeled as an artificial flavor, even if it comes from natural sources if it is added to a product to impart a flavor that isnt already present. So, if you add blueberry flavor, from real blueberries to a raspberry pie, the blueberry would be an artificial flavoring. The Bottom Line The take-home message here is that both natural and artificial flavors are highly processed in a lab. Pure flavors are chemically indistinguishable, where you would not be able to tell them apart. Natural and artificial flavors diverge when artificial flavors are used to try to simulate complex natural flavors rather than one single chemical compound. Natural or artificial flavors may be safe or dangerous, on a case by case basis. The complex chemicals, both healthful and harmful, are missing from any purified flavoring compared with the whole food.

GRNS402 Carbon Farming Initiative Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

GRNS402 Carbon Farming Initiative - Essay Example Carbon absorbed by plants is stored in plant tissues which are then consumed by animals (Cameron, 2011). Carbon in plant tissues can also be taken to the soil through decomposition when plants die. Carbon is stored in soils in the form of organic matter. This is a compound combination of compounds of carbon containing decomposed plant tissues and animal tissues and carbon that is associated to soil minerals Carbon dioxide that has currently led to change in climate are resulted from agricultural activities (Kimble, Lal & Follett, 2002). Carbon however can also be stored for a long term in the soil through the process of soil carbon sequestration. In carbon farming, the main aim is to remove carbon that is available in the air and convert them to plant material. The farming practice is successful when there is more gain of carbon from the atmosphere that results from enhancement in land management and conservation to exceed loses (Kimble, Lal & Follett, 2002). Conservation tillage is a process that can be used to minimize manipulation of the soil for production of crops. Practices included in this aspect are mulch tillage, cover cropping and crop rotation. Forests are also play an important role in sequestering carbon in the soil on farms (Bates, 2010). Carbon Farming Initiative enables farmers and those that manage firms to make recognitions of carbon through keeping carbon or reduction of gas released on land from greenhouse. The credits obtained credits can be traded to individuals and productions with the desire to balance their releases (Swingland, 2003). Rules governing carbon farming have changed. The changes in the sector have been integrated with Emission Reduction Fund. In the changes, there are activities that can be carried out in farming as brought out under the Carbon Farming initiative (Cameron, 2011). The activities fall

Hajj The Pilgrimage to Makkah Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hajj The Pilgrimage to Makkah - Essay Example When people from all around the world stand in silence and in a row while praying in the mosque, it shows the exhibition of equality and discipline among the Muslims. Hajj is an annual congregation of worship. 2. Lesser pilgrimage is known as the Umra and is commonly referred to as Haj-e-Asghar. Although many acts of worship performed in Umra are those performed in of Hajj, there are certain fundamental differences as Hajj is obligatory, Umra is not. Hajj can only be performed on prescribed dates, but there isn't any time and date fixed for performing Umra. It is undesirable to perform Umra between 9th and 13th of ZilHajj of the Islamic calendar. Umra can be performed individually (while Hajj is performed in groups) and is a shorter course of pilgrimage. 3. Ihram: Pilgrims put on Ihram during the Hajj ritual. They are 2 white sheets of unsown cloth. One sheet is used for covering the lower portion of the body (from the navel downwards) and the other is used for covering the upper portions of the body. Head while remaining uncovered. Ihram for women is their everyday clothes. It is compulsory for women to cover their heads, but no cloth should touch their faces. Before putting on the Ihram the pilgrim should first take a full bath and clean his body thoroughly. He may then put on Ihram and cover his head with some unsown piece of cloth and offer prayers. Ihram is the first and foremost obligation of Hajj.

Questions (team decision) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Questions (team decision) - Assignment Example The business operations should be aligned with the mayor’s goals in order stay in the business while addressing the mayor’s concerns. For instance, the hotels should create policies that will ensure that the business operate in environmental friendly way. The policies should focus on the social responsibilities of the firm. This means that in order stay in the business, the hotel should ensure that it restores the natural environment that has been destroyed by the business operations. The hotel should also agree to pay fines that are equivalent the destructions they cause on the natural surroundings. In this case, one would justify the decision to fulfill the responsibility and face certain loss by focusing on the benefits of the natural environment in the community. The case can be justified if the benefits of the natural environment outweigh the benefits of the hotels. For instance, it is worthy to eliminate the hotels as a long term solution since this will allows the beach plant to grow. This will attract more tourists, which will benefit the whole community. The hotels only benefit the hotel owners. One would also justify ignoring the responsibility by focusing on the benefits of the hotel. For instance, eliminating the hotels would lead to the loss of employment in the community. In addition, share holders will incur huge

Understanding specific needs in Health Social Care

Understanding specific needs in Health Social Care Understanding the specific needs in Health Social Care Table of Content Acknowledgement Table of Content Introduction 1.1 Roles of the health care agencies 1.2 Epidemiology of non infectious disease Epidemiology of infectious disease 1.3 Effectiveness of different strategies and approaches 2.1 Regulate healthcare methods 2.2 Relationship of health and social care service provision 2.3 Current lifestyle choices lead to future health and social services 3.1 Health and wellbeing priorities 3.2 Encouraging behavioral changes 3.3 Changes needed for improving Health and wellbeing Conclusion Recommendations References Introduction Without any doubt, health is the most important factor for a living being. A person’s life is depended on the well-being of health, not to mention all the regular activities are centered towards this. But with the increasing difficulties in regular living is making this very health deteriorating each day. It is very important for mass people to understand the basic of health dynamics. With the changes in the natural spectrum, huge changes have also taken place in human needs regarding needs of health and social care services. Not only the pattern has changed overtime, but also the perception towards these is transformed drastically. 1.1 The core concept- health changes in perception regarding health and social care services The fundamental pattern of health and social care is changed due to revolution in the need regarding this. There are various macro factors contributing to this, alongside the micro ones. In various countries, there are mammoth changes in the demographic pattern and the health literacy which has changed the whole landscape of health and social care services. To understand the perception of changing health and social care services it is very important to understand the underlying concepts like normality, disability, illness etc. Normality: Normality which is also known as normalcy depicts the behavior which is consistent with an individual’s most common behavior in terms of health factors. It is very vast term to describe and it in many cases it changes with the context. When it comes down to the definition of health, this normality is a very significant concept. A healthy state generally stands for normal and sound process of all the functions that drives a human being. Clinically normality represents the consistency between the bodily and psychological functions. The reverse is generally known as abnormality. Disability: Disability means partial or total forfeiture of a person’s bodily function which could be motor functionality, walking etc. As mentioned earlier this loss could be partial or complete and this could even be from birth. A person might have one disability or he could have multiple disabilities which could be ostensible for instance loss of a limb or it could also be in hidden form for example epilepsy or post-polio syndrome. Some types of disabilities are multiple-sclerosis, spina bifida etc. There was time when there was a norm in the society which permitted the stigma and discrimination. People tend to avoid and stigmatize the person with illness, disabilities and it kept going on for a long period of time. The ultimate result of this was that it made the whole situation way more difficult for the affected person and consequentially, it becomes really hard for them to recover from the illness. The problem of mental illness is a common phenomenon for example at some point of life out of every four people generally experiences mental health problem. Still approximately one in every ten children faces various mental health problems. With the changes in the condition health and social care services have changed drastically. On the positive side, the stigmatization and discrimination have been reduced significantly due to continuous awareness in mass level. 1.2 impact of social policy, legislation and culture on availability of services In the sector of health and social care, social policy along with legislation and culture play a great role when it comes to availability of necessary service for each a group of individuals having specific needs. If the social policy does not support the support the specific needs and patronize it in favorable way then it will become impossible to lead life in a favorable way. The legislation, in this case, is very important both on individual and mass level. For example, right now it is secretary of state’s responsibility to promote comprehensive health service all over UK which will lead to significant improvement in physical as well as mental health of the individual; in addition to this, the service will aid in not only the prevention but also the diagnosis of mental and physical issues. The outcome of the health and social care services will be measured based on the effective, quality and the experience of the concerned persons. In this regard, only legislation and policy will not suffice in the long run. To make this kind of practice sustainable and craft the system in such flexible way so that the changes can be made whenever it is necessary. To attain this objective, the services required for the individuals with specific needs have to turned into a culture which people will adhere to follow, not for just the sake of legislation that has to be followed in formal manner. 2.1 the mechanism of supporting individual with specific needs To attain this objective, the services required for the individuals with specific needs have to turned into a culture which people will adhere to follow, not for just the sake of legislation that has to be followed in formal manner. There are been number of cases of where health and social care do not work in harmony when it is about the meeting the specific needs of the individuals. Every year total number of people in UK requiring both health and social care is on an increasing trend. Just for example, total percentage of individuals crossing eighty five will double in the next twenty years which will arouse the complex need https://www.gov.uk/government/policies/making-sure-health-and-social-care-services-work-together of health care as well as social care. By complex need of health care we refer to multiple health problem at the same time which need to be backed up by the social care services. So far the most glaring issue is that, these two are not collaborating as per expected level. And this is turning into a big problem for the service takers. For example, a person after staying a while in hospital requiring final treatment is trying to know how many days he might have stay after treatment. Over the period of time, being in hospital became a gruesome experience for him; but this mental issue is mostly overlooked. This is just a representation of common scenario taking place most often. In many cases, one important parts either health care or social care is missing. When health and service care is joined up and given properly to the people, that has the highest probability of meeting individual need. This concept should be put into model and later on, it will work as a guiding principal for the health care and social care service providers. 2.2 evaluaiton of currently available system services Generally it is perceived that, when two services- health care and social care are collaborated it must be very beneficial for the people who are taking this service as well as for the service providers. But yet this notion is to be supported by number of facts. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14629210 there is an study done by Brown L, Tucker C by to evaluate the efficacy of the currently available system of health care and social care to meet the specific needs of the individuals. This study more of less represents the current scenario of available systems. The study was conducted among a group of aged persons who were given both health care and social care. In the initial stage the result was very much aspiring. The health care and social care needs were assessed successfully and in a timely manner. This was like a one stop approach for two big aspects catering the individual needs. The whole process of communication of the issue, understanding the aspect and the exchange of required information was drastically improved but it comes down to implementation this seemed not to work properly. Even though the individual need assessed properly, the problem started in the implementation level. The implementation of the service was not satisfactory because of the duly implementation as well as the follow up process. Innovation in the phase of implementation can play a great role as well as the change in implementation process also. Even though two entities giving health and social care services have the same goal they have different organizational structure, ideology and working process. During the implementation phase, it becomes very difficult to accommodate both services in subsequent point of time. So far in nationwide analysis, the same problem is been observed. Even though the general perception is that, the outcome has to be good naturally the fact is quite the opposite. In many cases the efficacy of current model is questioned thoroughly. To make these two services more appropriate and effective for the individual needs it is very important to do the organizational and legal fixes rather than just focusing first hand coordination portion. 3.1 understanding approaches intervention strategies supporting individual specific needs There can be a number of ways to support the individual need with health care and social care, but it is very important to come up with the best strategy and blend it effectively. Here the challenge is, each individual aspect for example health care can be appropriate in its own stance but when it comes to collaboration the approach will be different. Let us consider a common scenario- Autism where it is very important to use the perfect strategy to meet the individual specific need. Since there is hardly any permanent cure for autism, the professional bodies use a number of approaches that aid the concern in different ways. The most challenging aspect in this case is, there are never two individuals with exact same case of autism where a approach might perfect work one person, whereas the same approach will fail with slightly different case. http://www.autism.org.uk/living-with-autism/strategies-and-approaches.aspx before coming up with the exact approach it is highly important to gather all the relevant data pertaining to the autism for that specific individual. In addition to this, dealing with this is a long term approach, so while choosing the method one must be very careful and plan down the line what might take place. One standard startup intervention procedure is health and service based intervention. Apart from the health and service based intervention The starting intervention could be like behavioral and developmental intervention, motor and sensory intervention, counseling etc. Health and service based intervention takes places in multiple phases and it needs to be planned beforehand. Standard Health and service based intervention is planned based on the focus to constantly uphold the well being of the individual with autism which will require a vast range of treatment and therapies as well as well a number of sociological approach. The common scenario is to use variety of approaches and methods which generally include professional therapists, speech, langue therapist along with psychological therapists. This panel of therapists will be working together to ensure the proper development of the concern. This combination of different therapies is used with behavioral, motor sensory, augmentative in addition to alternative intervention method. Among these, the standard procedure of health care includes standard operational procedures like medication, psychotherapy, physiotherapy, speech pathology aiming at the development of speech and language. On the other ha nd, service based interventions generally include aiding people in education, development of social skills, day to day basis development on social skills, accessing the needs and change in those and respond accordingly. This is just the beginning. The challenge with autism is the lack of awareness and when people do not admit to have the autism. It is a common barrier for autism. The autism is most cases is invisible because it just possess few signs; so it becomes really difficult what exact health and social care needs are required for he particular individual and how it can be tailored to maximize the benefits. Starting from the daily rituals to particular special activities, everything needs to be chalked out and it needs to done on a daily basis. This is one approach dealing with the individual with autism. Another approach could be, after assessing all the possibilities, figuring out two or three most potential route to deal with the scenario and start trying those out in a co ntrolled setting for smaller time being. After getting the results, the best method will be carried forward. The disadvantage with this approach is that the change could have negative impact on the concern. That it is very important to access the health and social care needs thoroughly at first and then act on this. The social care support might be very extensive here, starting from the education it could end up in finding appropriate works. The employment service are designed in such a way that it suits individual abilities and needs and to make the approach successful the team of health and social care need to work closely with the family members, at least at the very first stage they need to collaborate with the concerned family to understand the early stage development scope and devise the plan accordingly. 3.2 need for development and support for individual with specific need Specific development methods need to be applied for the individual with specific needs, more specifically showing different characteristics. Other than the social needs, the health and wellbeing need to be checked on a regular basis because at the end of the day, if he does not have the functioning body he won’t be able to do anything else. For this purpose, the health needs have to identified thoroughly and plan the acts based on that. There could be a number of activities which the person has to undergo and for convenience, these should be turned into a ritual format so that it becomes easier. Apart from these, health improvement needs to be monitored on a regular basis. Other than this it will not be possible to track the whether the approach is right or wrong. There should scope for adaptions and improvisations to make the process much better and updated. 4.1 Strategies for coping up with challenges, potential impact of challenges and strategies to cope up While working in health and social care there are a number of scenarios posing specific challenges. Below are two of them- With the increasing access to information, people are right now more knowledgeable in various subjects, even it could be to small extent but with the blessing of technology information is on the fingertips. But analyzing this information is totally different issue. In most cases being a part of health and social care I have seen that, the parents or relatives of the person taking services are intruding into the operational procedure without having sufficient knowledge on the subject. It is very much possible that it happens because of their extra cautiousness towards the wellbeing of their closed ones. Since we have deal with concern usually on a long term basis it becomes very difficult to experience this kind of intrusion. Another challenge is to tailor the service with the given agenda and financial constrain. In many cases, it becomes very difficult to meet specific need by tailoring it as per the agenda given. This is mainly because of the continuously changing demand and increa sing public expectation. Since there are multiple entities involved in this procedure, it is very difficult to accommodate minor changes if that are done on a continuous basis. The potential impact of the challenging behavior on the health and social acre is that the health and social care givers have to be pretty much through regarding their understanding of the all the necessities and act accordingly. Starting from the planning, collaboration and execution phase they have to be very much cautious and the same time flexible regarding the plan. All the works need to be functionally assessed all the time and regular evaluation has become mandatory for the efficacy of the work. The core strategy to keep up with challenge is support from all the entities, be it the party taking the service or the one giving this. While dealing with the challenges clear target need to be set regarding the timeline, deliverables and all other specific activities. For working the with the challenging behaviors regarding specific needs it is very important to clearly communicate with the involved member, share the course of actions along with other specifications clearly. The rewards and sanctions will be set in such a way that it best suits and eases the operational procedure.

Winter Dreams Essay -- essays research papers

Fitzgerald Essay- Prompt 5 Money may be able to buy ones happiness but not necessarily satisfaction in life. Fitzgerald's characters in â€Å"Winter Dreams† and Great Gatsby had money, but not satisfaction throughout their life. One can have satisfying materials, do satisfying things, and obtain satisfying qualities. Characters in â€Å"Winter Dreams† and Three of the most satisfying materials that a person could own is a home, money, and a car. At least one of these items is essential for a person no matter where they live. The home is the most satisfying material that a person could own. A home is a place that one can go to rest, eat, and just live. A home provides memories and a place for a family to grow. A home satisfies people with protection, an investment, security, safety, and privacy. The home is definitely a key item of satisfying materials. Another satisfying material that a person could own is money. Money is something that is very important to possess. Owning money can satisfy a person’s hunger, shelter, and just everything it takes for that person to live. A person would not be satisfied if they did not own any money. They would be depressed and have to live on the streets. Money alone cannot satisfy a person on a whole but it brings together the whole term of satisfaction. The last item that is satisfying is a c ar. A car is something that can satisfy ones need to get around. It is important to use to get to work, school, and places to far to venture on foot. A car is a machine with great power and can also satisfy one with air conditioning on a hot day. It can satisfy a person with ride to ones favorite place such as the beach. A home, money, and a car are all materials that a person can own to satisfy them. Not only can materials satisfy a person but so can activities such as sports, relaxing, and sleeping. Playing sports can satisfy a persons body and mind. Participating in sports keeps one in shape satisfying their heart and health. Also it can satisfy a persons stress level by focusing on the activity. Sometimes not playing sports but just relaxing can be satisfying. Relaxing and not working can give a person time to think, breathe, and their body to recuperate. Relaxing is a very satisfying activity. Another activity that is satisfying is sleeping. Curling up under the covers, closing ones eyes, and just clearing the mind is something very ... ...o was playing at that moment had been gay and new five years before when Dexter was a sophomore at college. They had played it at a prom once when he could not afford the luxury of proms, and he had stood outside the gymnasium and listened. The sound of the tune precipitated in him a sort of ecstasy and it was with that ecstasy he viewed what happened to him now. It was a mood of intense appreciation, a sense that, for once, he was magnificently attune to life and that everything about him was radiating a brightness and a glamour he might never know again.† Dexter would agree that being loving is a quality that gives one satisfaction. He felt this satisfaction when he was with Judy on her boat. â€Å"His heart turned over like the fly-wheel of the boat, and, for the second time, her casual whim gave a new direction to his life.† Dexter was in love with Judy and he saw that Judy was never honest to him. He didn’t mind that Judy was never honest, â€Å"When she assured him that she had not kissed the other man, he knew she was lying--yet he was glad that she had taken the trouble to lie to him.† Finally he wouldn’t agree that honesty is satisfying because he was just satisfied with a lie.

“Hunters in the Snow” by Tobias Wolff Essay

In â€Å"Hunters in the Snow† by Tobias Wolff, we see three characters who apparently appear to be close friends but then as the story moves they lose their patience with each other. In the story, the reader notices how the cold temperatures started to create an impact on each of the characters. It brings out the complexities in their character. In due course of time the reader comes across the true self of the characters. Their simmering resentment towards each other is aptly highlighted by the author amidst the appropriate setting of the cold bleak winter season. When concentrating on the conversation that takes place between the men the reader realizes that underneath all the friendship there is a cruelness of words that cuts to the deep as the men flaunt the others weaknesses and seem to be ignorant of the effect that the words will have on the emotional state of the other. The atmosphere plays a very crucial role in defining the theme for a story. When used to its full potential it can stir deep feelings in the reader that go beyond rational thought. Tobias Wolff in his short story †Hunters in the Snow† uses this factor to create atmosphere and a sense of crisis. The story craftly uses the setting and thereby makes it a fascinating study in self-absorption. Wolff draws three strongly distinct characters in a small space, and again manages to convey the ambiguities and complexities of human interaction and personal struggle. The story begins with Tub waiting for his friends Frank and Kenny â€Å"for an hour in the falling snow.† In the same paragraph we find Tub is walking down the street, carrying a rifle and seemingly, shooting the breeze. The cold and the waiting surely creates an impact in the mood of the character. Tub is restless from the wait and the cold adds on to it. Besides, aiming at the breeze fairly depicts that the character continues to be impatient and will later ironically reflect the true nature of Tub. The snow let up, but still there was no edge to the land where it met the sky. Nothing moved in the chalky fields. The cold bleached their faces and made the stubble stand out on their cheeks and along their upper lips. They stopped twice for coffee before they got to the woods where Kenny wanted to hunt.   Wolff builds up the story on the platform of cold weather and the impact of the cold on each character slowly builds up. As they ride together in Kenny’s truck, we learn more about them. They are traveling in an old truck with a hole in the windshield, making it a very cold journey.   Once again the cold seems to follow them throughout the journey. On the trip into the woods, and while they are walking around searching for tracks, we realize the fact that Kenny and Frank don’t seem to like Tub very much. Not only that, they seems to exclude him from walking with them in the forest, they make fun of him about his eating habits and even try driving off without him. Tub, had an overweight problem and because of the cold temperatures and the snow he couldn’t keep up easily with his friends. â€Å"When Tub crossed the last fence into the toad the truck started moving. Tub had to run for it and just managed to grab hold of the tailgate and hoist himself into the bed. He lay there, panting. Kenny looked out the rear window and grinned.† Kenny kept taunting Tub about his weight all the while. Even though he appeared to be the most sensitive guy in the group, the reader sees a changed character in him at the end. It is probable that Kenny tortured Tub to an intolerable point and that Kenny’s joke backfired. It is through misunderstanding that Tub shoots Kenny. The difficulty that he was going through walking in the cold weather and troubled with himself bothered him enough and made him more and more impatient with time. Apparently we find the nice guy ending up shooting his friend Kenny. This reaction wasn’t expected from him but the reader can feel the frustration that this character has in his life and how the need of keeping warm made him leave his friend behind. Later in the story, Tub finally reveals to Frank the truth about his gluttony. Tub admits, â€Å"I’ve even got stuff (snacks)†¦ He who is â€Å"self conscious about his weight and in denial about his gluttony† apparently ends up in a confession while he tries to keep himself warm during their journey towards the hospital. Frank, on the other hand, seems much more mature and emotionally stable then Tub, while also seems to be the parent figure of the group. He â€Å"doesn’t care about his wife, and is in denial about his lust.† Frank was troubled with his family. He liked a fifteen year old girl who was his babysitter. The freezing temperature and his confused thoughts kept running through his head all the while. This prevented him from thinking rationally and therefore it did not bother him after Kenny was shot and lay freezing to death in the back of the truck. His selfishness was so obvious when kept talking only about himself. This reached its limit when he tried to keep himself warm and thereby ended up taking Kenny’s blankets and let him back there without any regret. He seemed to be the toughest one among them but when Tub couldn’t take him anymore and confronted him he backed up and showed otherwise. In the beginning, he seems like a simple guy. He just basically does whatever Kenny demands of him, and seems to be the calm, undemanding one of the trio. He tells Kenny and Tub to stop obsessing over the hunting: â€Å"‘Relax,’ Frank said. ‘You can’t hurry nature. If we’re meant to get that deer, we’ll get it. If we’re not, we won’t.’† (142). However, later in the story, the plot of the story begins to prove that Frank is not so innocent. He follows whoever has the most power at the moment. After the â€Å"power shift† from Kenny to Tub, Frank beings to follow Tub’s lead. He seems to not even care that his previous best friend is dying in the back of the truck†¦The hunting grounds and the cold weather makes them invariably confide in each other secrets about their personal lives, and enjoy each other’s company immensely. As the story continues, Tub and Frank become more interested in patching up their differences and less concerned with Kenny, to an extent that becomes strange. Kenny, appears to be the comic character of the bunch, and is always in a kind of light-hearted mood, joking around, even while shooting the dog. He â€Å"doesn’t care about anyone or anything.† Kenny appears to be going crazy in due course of time. With all playfulness he keeps saying â€Å"I hate that tree,† and shoots a tree. Next, he approaches the farmer’s dog, and says, â€Å"I hate that dog,† and shoots the dog. Finally, he approaches Tubs and says, â€Å"I hate you Tubs.†Ã‚   And this was when he was shot in his stomach by Tubs.   This reaction of Kenny’s shows his sheer desperation to an unsuccessful hunting trip. Frank and Tub even lie to Kenny at the end, letting him believe that he is being taken to the hospital even though they had no intentions of doing so. Kenny in the story bears the impact of cold to the maximum. He is left at the back in cold for a long time since Frank and Tubs were busy taking breaks to warm themselves up. His blankets are taken away to keep others warm. The story ends in a highly un- dramatic way, with Tub and Frank changing paths away from the hospital, and Kenny freezing in the truck bed, thinking he’s on his way to safety.   He tried to keep himself warm by repeating constantly that he is on his way to the hospital thereby fooling his own self till the end. His world comes to a standstill and he turns quieter than his usual self in pain and cold. His   pain made his brains numb and therefore even though he knew that he was no where near to the hospital, yet he kept repeating that he was on his way to the hospital. The monotony of words provided him the comfort of warmth. The freezing weather made these characters act erratically in the story. With Frank and Tub being in denial of what is happening, they neglected Kenny to the point of his death. Kenny lay at the back of the truck while Tub and Frank pull off to the side of the road three separate times, once for coffee, once to warm their hands from the frigid cold and a third time so Tub could hoard some pancakes because Frank felt pity for his seemingly unchangeable diet. These stops are increasingly random and seem completely inappropriate seeing that there is a man possibly dying in the back of the truck. This inconsiderate attitude of the three men who apparently called themselves as friends and the effect of their words targeted at each others weak points makes for a rather perverse realization that under these men’s simple appearances lies a cruel complexity of human nature, which is as frigid as the snow on the ground.† The reader realizes how all their internal problems plus the weather got into them and showed unexpected reactions from a group of friends that went on a trip. Wolff has taken an ordinary setting and environment of the woods and the snow,   and turned it into an extraordinary event for the three men participating in it. Literary critic, Karen Bernardo mentions, that the different turn the three friends have taken is away from being human beings, and towards being no better then animals.†    References: http://www.megaessays.com/viewpaper/26578.html Perrine’s Literature : Structure, Sound, and Sense (Hardcover); Thomas R. Arp (Author), Greg Johnson (Author) Bernardo, Karen. Tobias Wolff’s â€Å"Hunters in the Snow†. Storybites: A Taste of the World’s Best Short Stories. May 21, 2003.   

Dr. Pepper/7 up Inc. Squirt brand Case Essay

Introduction and Marketing Issues- Dr Pepper/7Up Inc., is one of the largest soft drinks company in the world. This company has its production in 200 countries. Most popular soft drinks are: Dr Pepper, 7 UP, RC cola, A&W Root Beer, Canada dry, Hawaiian Punch, and Squirt. Squirt, is a drink that was invented in the course of an experiment by Herb Bishop in 1938. It was a new carbonated soft drink that required less fruit and less sugar to produce hence it was quite famous during WWII. Later, in 1977, Squirt was bought by a bottler Holland Michigan. The company updated Squirt’s logo and positioned the brand as a mainstream soft drink. Squirt joined A&W Brands in 1986, which was later purchased by Cadbury Schweppes PLC in 1993. Responsibility for manufacturing, marketing, and distribution of Squirt was assigned to Dr Pepper/Seven Up, Inc, which had been acquired by Cadbury Schweppes PLC in 1995. It still remains under the Dr Pepper/Seven Up, Inc. branch. Nowadays, Squirt is bottled and sold by some 250 Bottlers in the US. Since 1990 Squirt’s unit sale volume has been stable until recently. There is a huge volume of carbonated soft drink consumption in the US. American consumes 849 eight- ounce annually. CSD are popular among individuals aged 20 – 49. Consumption of diet drinks is popular at the age group of 25 and over. Today, Squirt’s product line consists of regular, diet, Ruby Red, and Diet Ruby Red. Diet Squirt and Diet Ruby Red account for 20% of Squirt’s total sales. The study of Squirts sales volume has shown a slow decline in recent years, although squirt remains one of the best selling brands among citrus flavored drinks, still the competition due to better marketing budgets and techniques from the two main competitors Coca cola and Pepsi and changing market trends can bring the market share down for Squirt. The flat sales of Squirt need to be boosted before competing brands begin to erode the market share enjoyed by Squirt, therefore to safeguard against this Kate Cox, brand manager at Dr. Pepper/ seven up inc began to develop plan for market targeting and product positioning as prescribed by Foote, Cone and Belding that is brand’s advertisement agency. In the mid- summer 2001, Squirt Brand management team, had to begin drafting annual advertising and promotion plan for Squirt in the US to chart a right marketing plan the team had to come up with answers for the following questions: Q1: What should be Squirt’s target market? Or what target market to choose? (FCB recommendations) Q2: How should Squirt be positioned according to the target market? Q3. Is it beneficial to follow recommendation of Foote, Cone and Belding of targeting and positioning Squirt or should old methods be followed or there should be some new innovative methods to increase sales and promotion of Squirt? Situational analysis- Squirt has been advertised in all the mediums of media like newspapers, television, and radio. Although squirt remains one of the best selling brands among citrus flavored drinks, still the study of Squirts sales volume has shown a slow decline in recent years. The competition due to better marketing budgets and techniques from the two main competitors Coca cola and Pepsi and changing market trends can bring the market share down for Squirt. Squirts advertising agency Foote, Cone and Belding suggested market targeting and brand positioning as two ways for Squirt to come out of this problem. Following their suggestion and considering that the answers to the questions mentioned above will serve as main decision making tools we analyzed the market situation for Squirt. Competitive market- Carbonated drink industry is highly competitive industry As mentioned previously this industry of carbonated drinks is dominated by three companies, Coca cola, Pepsi and Dr. Pepper/ 7 up inc These three companies also represent the top ten selling brands in the United States market. Squirt brand of Dr. Pepper is the best selling carbonated grapefruit soft drink brand in the United States. It is a caffeine-free, low-sodium carbonated soft drink brand with a distinctive blend of grapefruit juices that gives it a tangy, fresh citrus taste. Hence it has a different market then other caffeinated drinks but it has competitors in form of Fresca, citrus, mellow- yellow and surge from Coca – cola and mountain dew from Pepsi. Consumer research conducted by Dr. Pepper/ 7 up inc. in taste testing of Squirt and Citrus of coca-cola group indicated that Squirt scored higher on the thirst quenching attribute. Compared to Dr. Pepper/7up inc. Coca- Cola and Pepsi show more aggressive for of adv ertising and promotion of products Consumer. Buyer Behavior and customer segmentation- Data suggests that in U.S the consumers drink more carbonated drink then tap water. In 2000 alone, consumers on average drank 53 gallons of soft drinks per person a year. This statistics shows that there is a huge market for carbonated drinks in U.S. It was observed that age and ethnic/racial angle played an important role in growing consumption of soft drinks. Hence changing demographics have been critical factors in the growing popularity of these flavored soft drinks. Age- Previous target market for squirt has been between 18 to 44 yrs old. According to the research by Foote, Cone and Belding, Squirt was more of a thirst quenching product then refreshing. They suggested that youngsters would identify with this â€Å"thirst quenching attribute of Squirt, and the research also suggests that this group is supposed to be the large consumer of soft drinks. Therefore, they recommended targeting youngsters between 18 -24 year old. Ethnic/ racial- In U.S 25% Americans are under 18 years of age and one quarter of U.S population is Hispanic and African- American. By a census in 2000, it was predicted that soon 17% out of youth under the age of 18 will be Hispanic; also they will amount to 45% of all minorities in U.S thus surpassing African Americans to become the largest ethnic group in U.S. It was also observed that per capita consumption of flavored soft drinks is higher in Hispanics and African- American than the other racial groups. This information prompts a wise decision to target these ethnic- racial groups to increase the market share of the squirt flavored carbonated drink. If the census of 2000 is accurate then it is a fact that to target this huge population of Hispanics and African- Americans as future market for Squirt will be very beneficial. Squirt has already been exposed to many Hispanics, primarily those of Mexican decent because of the popularity of the beverage in Mexico. It is one of the largest selling brands of soda in Mexico, and Squirt has large brand recognition there. Competitive market- Carbonated drink industry is highly competitive industry As mentioned previously this industry of carbonated drinks is dominated by three companies, Coca cola, Pepsi and Dr. Pepper/ 7 up inc These three companies also represent the top ten selling brands in the United States market. Squirt brand of Dr. Pepper is the best selling carbonated grapefruit soft drink brand in the United States. It is a caffeine-free, low-sodium carbonated soft drink brand with a distinctive blend of grapefruit juices that gives it a tangy, fresh citrus taste. Hence it has a different market then other caffeinated drinks but it has competitors in form of Fresca, citrus, mellow- yellow and surge from Coca – cola and mountain dew from Pepsi. SWOT analyses – SWOT analyses of the Squirts market potential, is as follows: Strengths- Squirt is the best selling carbonated grapefruit soft drink brand in the United States. It is already has brand name recognition in the Mexican market, hence while targeting the Hispanic population Squirt will have a competitive edge over his competitors who are also targeting the same market fiercely. Weaknesses- Squirt brand has budget restrictions for advertising and promotion, which is not the case with its competitors like Coca- cola and Pepsi. Opportunities- Squirt has a huge opportunity to successfully expand its brand by targeting young because their grape flavor attracts more youngsters because of its unique thirst quenching attribute and. penetrating Hispanic groups and African – American market to target them as guaranteed consumers for future, as it is predicted that Hispanics are going to be the most populous ethnic group with more number of youths as compared to other minority groups in U.S. Threats- There are no threats specifically, but depending too much on particular ethnic group and particular age, in short narrow targeting criteria can prove to be disaster if it backfires due to certain reasons, anchoring the target consumers because they are the main source and they dictate the location to get the soft drink, also dominate taste preferences because soft drinks is an elastic product. Considering the above mentioned information, it is clear that the recommendations of Foote, Cone and Belding for targeting and positioning of Squirt are rational and by targeting Hispanic and African – American, young population of 18 to 24 yrs of age will be beneficial for Squirt in a long run. Problems and Opportunities: Young Hispanics are considered to be the target market for positioning of Squirt for brand promotion. Also, considering the fact that Squirt is already popular among the Mexicans, can be used as a positive sign for this venture. Facts mentioned above in the situational analysis like that Hispanics are fast growing ethnic group in U.S, it is predicted that maximum number of youth is going to belong to the Hispanic community, Hispanics, does not like hard sell messages and likes messages that are real and relevant to them, they like shop closer to home in mom and pop stores, also the majority would prefer ads in Spanish (50%) while 30% prefer English and the rest have no preference. Positioning and specific targeting is the main issue for the Squirt brand. The advertisements are not appealing to the suggested new modified target audience which should include Hispanics (specifically in the states of California and Texas). The advertisements should focus more on real life moments while showing Squirt being consumed by individuals. This will allow the target audience to connect with the Squirt brand. Also, Squirt should show advertisements in Spanish as well as English. Also, budget for advertising should be expanded. Strategy: Using the above information and the research provided by FCB’s presentation, it is clear that Squirt should focus on the age demographic of 18-24 year olds. An effective marketing campaign targeted towards 18-24 year olds has a two potential results: 1) a short term solution of increasing sales of squirt to 18-24 year olds and 2) a long-term solution of positioning squirt as a staple beverage for 18-24 year olds such that as consumers of squirt move out of the targeting age demographic they will continue to be loyal consumers of Squirt, thus increasing squirt sales in the 25+ market within a few years. Kate Cox has a few options in how she markets Squirt to the target audience of 18-24 year olds: †¢ A â€Å"multicultural marketing mind-set† approach †¢ 18-24 year-olds (regardless of race) †¢ A hybrid approach 1) A multicultural marketing approach would appeal to the increasing amount of Hispanics and African Americans in the 18-24 age range. It would also provide for the popularity of Squirt in Mexico to filter in to the U.S.’s Mexican population. The concern with such a strategy, however, is that Caucasian’s are still the largest consumer of Squirt. The risk with a multicultural marketing mind-set is that such a marketing campaign has the potential to isolate Caucasian consumers. The benefit of such a campaign is to increase the consumer base to those who are not Caucasian, trusting that Caucasian’s will continue to consume Squirt, a wider appeal of the beverage to consumers would increase sales. 2) An 18-24 year old marketing campaign would target all consumers in the 18-24 demographic. By identifying Squirt as a popular beverage amongst consumers in this age range, regardless of race, Squirt has the potential to both increase sales within the age demographic as well as within the Hispanic and African-American demographic. Such a campaign would have to be carefully thought out and the recommendation is for Cox to identify a celebrity or fad that is popular amongst 18-24 year olds, regardless of race. Such a campaign could be aligned with an event. For example, a Squirt campaign that is aligned with the Olympics with Olympic athletes as spokespersons could appeal to 18-24 year olds regardless of race. Another strategy that could work is partnering with a popular television program or event. For example, Coca-Cola’s sales increased with it being the official beverage of American Idol judges. Such alignment with a popular TV program is sure to increase sales amongst all races within the targeting age-demographic. 3) A hybrid approach would, perhaps, be the most expensive, however, if nervous about leaving out the Hispanic and African-American populations through an overall marketing campaign targeting towards all 18-24 year olds, Squirt could do a â€Å"spin-off† campaign with commercials and packaging in Spanish. Such a campaign would reach all 18-24 year olds as well as all Hispanics, regardless of age. The initial costs are the initial down-fall, however a successful campaign could re-define Squirt in two needed demographics, all Hispanics and all 18-24 year olds. Recommendation: A Hybrid campaign is the best option for Squirt. As 73% of Squirt consumers are Caucasian, redefining Squirt as a drink popular amongst 18-24 year olds with celebrity or event backing popular amongst the targeting demographic is the best option to create a brand for Squirt that will create consumer loyalty amongst 18-24 year olds, securing a place in the 25+ market within a few years. A smaller, geographic specific side campaign targeting towards Hispanics with Spanish ads and packaging will help Squirt capitalize on its popularity in Mexico and will see an increase in sales in border states, such as California and Texas.